linux内核延时操作

vmlinz posted @ Thu, 28 Apr 2011 17:30:46 +0800 in Linux with tags linux kernel , 10378 readers

linux内核延时操作

系统为了实现中断的快速处理,将中断处理程序分为处理中断请求的上半部和延时处理逻辑和I/O的下半部(buttom halves)。下半部的主要实现机制有两种:tasklet和workqueue。

tasklets

tasklet是软件中断(softirq)机制的一部分,tasklet运行在软件中断上下文中,所以有软件中断服务函数的所有要求,比如不能休眠。tasklet相对于软件中断有一些针对驱动编写的好处:

  • 通过软件中断实现,回调函数不能睡眠
  • tasklet的分配是动态的,可以在内核运行时添加和删除
  • 同类型的tasklet总是串行执行的,因为它的主要数据结构是per-cpu的,所以不需要人为使用spinlock。但是不同的tasklet则可以并发地在不同cpu上运行。
  • tasklet的串行化使tasklet函数不必是可重入的。
  • 不能访问用户态进程地址

softirq implementation

kernel/softirq.c

  • static __init int spawn_ksoftirqd(void); 创建softirq的内核线程,用于延迟处理过多的softirq,这是softirq处理速度和cpu公平性的一个折中处理。
  • kthread_create(run_ksoftirqd, hcpu, "ksoftirqd/%d", hotcpu); 设置内核线程的回调函数run_ksoftirqd
  • static int run_ksoftirqd(void * __bind_cpu); 内核线程回调,if (local_softirq_pending()) __do_softirq();如果本地cpu有待处理的softirq,则调用softirq的处理函数
  • asmlinkage void __do_softirq(void); 根据softirq_vec对应中对应的位来调用相应的action,循环处理所有待处理的softirq,处理过程中间如果有新来的softirq则会重新处理maxrestart这么多次。如果处理maxrestart次之后还有待处理的softirq则会重新调度ksoftirqd继续处理。

tasklet implementation

  • void __init softirq_init(void);初始化softirq, 调用open_softirq(TASKLET_SOFTIRQ, tasklet_action); 将tasklet的回调函数tasklet_action注册到softirq的处理函数中。这样在有tasklet对应的softirq处理时就会调用tasklet_action

  • static void tasklet_action(struct softirq_action *a);这个函数主要有两个功能:

    • t->func(t->data);如果tasklet需要被调度,则运行它的回调函数
    • tasklet_trylock(t);测试tasklet是否在其他cpu上运行, test_and_set_bit(TASKLET_STATE_RUN, &(t)->state); 如果正在其他cpu上运行则重新发softirq请求延迟执行, __raise_softirq_irqoff(TASKLET_SOFTIRQ);

workqueue

kernel/workqueue.c

工作队列的具体实现比较复杂,但是它的原理很简单,就是创建内核线程来执行函数。

主要的实现函数

  • static void process_one_work(struct worker *worker, struct work_struct *work) 在worker线程上调用struct work_struct的回调函数。

主要的接口

请参考linux/workqueue.h

主要特点

  • 用内核线程实现,运行在进程上下文,回调函数可以睡眠
  • 在一个cpu上创建的work可能在其他cpu上运行
  • 不能访问进程的用户态地址,因为这些内核线程没有相应的用户线程
  • 可以指定延迟一段具体的时间执行

resources

Avatar_small
AAA said:
Wed, 20 Apr 2022 00:28:24 +0800

Any movies is normally outstanding. You've gotten a lot of particularly as good writers and singers. Document prefer you will the best quality about financial success. North American Bancard ISO

Avatar_small
meidir said:
Thu, 21 Jul 2022 21:58:13 +0800

Hmm it appears like your website ate my first comment (it was super long) so I guess I'll just sum it up what I had written and say, I'm thoroughly enjoying your blog. I as well am an aspiring blog blogger but I'm still new to everything. Do you have any points for novice blog writers? I'd certainly appreciate it. 腳架

Avatar_small
meidir said:
Wed, 24 Aug 2022 19:42:56 +0800

Definitely believe that which you stated. Your favorite reason seemed to be on the net the easiest thing to be aware of. I say to you, I certainly get annoyed while people consider worries that they plainly don’t know about. You managed to hit the nail upon the top and also defined out the whole thing without having side effect , people can take a signal. Will probably be back to get more. Thanks skin

Avatar_small
meidir said:
Wed, 24 Aug 2022 23:49:11 +0800

Very efficiently written information. It will be advantageous to anybody who utilizes it, including me. Maintain the great work. For certain i'll check out more posts. This web site seems to have a good amount of visitors. 오피가이드


Login *


loading captcha image...
(type the code from the image)
or Ctrl+Enter